Perhaps the most thorough piece of research on this issue was done in the 1960s by RAND in the US. Overall it found there was little impact on health outcomes from the introduction of charges for most people.

Does charging pay?

　　电商虽然冲击了线下传统零售业，但是，线下零售业依旧是零售业的核心部分，我们依旧要回到社区里生活，总不可能宅在家里做穴居动物。在O2O大潮启发下，拉卡拉重新发现了社区小店的价值，推出以生鲜O2O为尝试的社区电商计划，身边小店成为一个个分布式的社区零售流量入口，并成为拉卡拉借助O2O模式杀入移动电商的燎原星火。

If this was scrapped, alongside the exemptions for pregnant women and some children, the prescription charge could be reduced from the current level of ?8.05 to ?2.50 and an extra ?1bn would still be raised.

It is a question that has been asked several times in recent years. Research in 2013 by Reform, a centre-right think-tank, found a ?10 charge for GP consultations could raise ?1.2bn a year even with exemptions for age and income.

For example, the over 60s get free prescriptions, but have to pay for dentistry. It is one of the reasons why less than 10% of prescriptions are paid for.

There are an estimated 340m consultations each year - so the potential to raise money is obvious. Although with the move towards email and telephone consultations and the increasing use of practice nurses to deliver them, a flat fee might not work.

　　O2O，这个像一张笑脸的专业名字又火了一把，总理政府工作报告里提及了它，做社区O2O的拉卡拉兴奋地疯狂刷屏朋友圈，做O2O媒体的哥们乐的屁颠屁颠的，好日子看来真的要到来了。在O2O大时代里,锋速达喇叭式负压风机得到了广大客户的一致好评，格局会是怎样，业态赢家会是谁，微信支付和支付宝真能一统江湖么，拉卡拉的角色又会是怎样呢？

　　昨日看到一个观点说“如支付宝钱包、微信支付等移动支付市场份额巨大，在O2O大背景下，拉卡拉这样过去深耕线下的支付企业可能会被边缘化、甚至被杀死”，这样的说法听起来很吓人，仿佛移动支付要统治世界、寸草不生，但是，这种观点忽视了最重要的一个逻辑：移动支付只是O2O的支付界面之一，O2O本质还是线下的服务场景，移动支付是为场景服务的界面和连接器，而不是O2O本身，就像过去支付宝、网银、货到付款等方式服务的是电商一样。

This is why last year the Barker Commission, set up by the King's Fund to look at how the NHS and care system should be organised in the future, concluded introducing new charges "fail the criterion of equity" and, therefore, there was "little scope for introducing them".

　　拉卡拉的模式本质上也是一种移动支付，POS机和智能终端都是可移动的支付工具，可刷卡购物、还信用卡、水煤电缴费等，拉卡拉正是依托此模式建立了区别于支付宝的线下零售支付解决方案，而此时，移动支付正在火热，拉卡拉也开始布局移动支付和社区电商，前者打通线下线上，后者释放社区小店的入口价值。

But there was one exception: people on the lowest incomes, who are most likely to have the worst health in the first place.

来源：Bbc 更新时间：2016-03-12 10:29:24 分类：News

　　

　　话说电商一出来那会儿，也是各种质疑声，还烧钱不眨眼，当支付问题和物流快递问题解决之后，大家开始爱上了电商，懒人经济也越来越登上大雅之堂。京东商城的更快更好配送能力让懒人可以更放肆，所以，京东成功了，刘强东不信命，傻大黑粗地闯出一条B2C大路。

浏览原文:/20160312/n409667642.shtml

It comes down to access. Those involved with the NHS are proud of the fact that in the UK cost is not considered a barrier to seeking health care - as these figures from the Commonwealth Fund show.

The issue was also discussed at British Medical Association and Royal College of Nursing conferences last year. Although at both the motions drawn up calling on more charging to be introduced were not passed.

　　移动支付不是O2O全部，本质是场景界面

　　微信公众号：小芳  分享此文给你的朋友一起探讨O2O

Charges for visiting A&E would generate less income unless they were set a a higher level as there are only just over 22m visits a year and introducing could prove problematic given the busy nature of departments.

In the early 1950s, the NHS was going through a tough period. Money was tight and demand was rising. So ministers came up with a radical plan - they introduced charges for dentistry, prescriptions and spectacles.

Another option that gets an airing from time-to-time are "hotel" charges for hospital stays. At anyone time there are about 120,000 beds occupied so a ?10 charge would raise ?450m a year or a ?50 charge, ?2.25bn.

　　一谈及O2O，势必很多人会拿出BAT来吓唬人，但是，O2O覆盖到生活的方方面面，社区电商、上门美甲、上门洗车等等各个领域都在涌现出O2O式模式创新，可以说，生活有多大，O2O就有多大。当然，没有一家公司能垄断人们的生活方方面面，马云也要吃饭睡觉，马化腾也要按摩洗车，李彦宏也要找别人设计衣服,锋速达车间负压通风降温设计得到了广大客户的一致好评，上帝创造了生物多样性，自然有他老人家的道理。

If anything, the review said it might make more sense to reduce charges to increase revenues. Confused? One of the problems with the current system is the anomalies that exist in terms of exemptions for fees.

　　阿里的强大主要是淘宝巨大的交易量 ，让支付宝的价值得以展现出来并金融化，二者构建出了阿里帝国的根基。拉卡拉过去做线下传统零售的移动终端支付起家，在自己所在领域也是第一，但是，拉卡拉没法在线下建立一个淘宝，再建一个淘宝或京东也是难如登天。所以，拉卡拉无法与阿里比肩，但是，他们常年积累的线下传统零售业客户资源和场景占有也是阿里所无法攻破的，阿里在支付宝最鼎盛时期也没法打败拉卡拉，可见场景战争不是比谁财大气粗，而是比场景消费习惯和便利度。

　　如今，O2O时代，上门做美甲、上门洗车、上门送菜，让懒人可以更舒服一些，而拉卡拉的社区电商也是利用了身边小店可以五分钟送货上门的优势。懒人经济是这么强大，体验越来越好，服务越来越便利，O2O模式通过互联网和移动互联网让懒人和服务更加紧密实时连接，构成了实时经济模式（此提法是柳华芳同学首创，请帮我申请诺贝尔经济学奖，谢谢）。

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